HPV and its Implications in Health
Not Just a Woman’s Issue: HPV and its Implications in Health
Human papilloma virus, commonly known as HPV, have mostly been implicated as just a concern for women since it is popularly linked to cervical cancer. HPV is a virus that can infect the skin and mucous membrane, with around 40 subtypes that can infect the genital area, mouth, and throat.
HPV can spread through skin-to-skin contact or sexual intercourse. Any individual who is sexually active is at risk of HPV infections, regardless of sex, gender, or sexual orientation. In fact, HPV is the most sexually transmitted infection in Canada and worldwide.
While HPV causes almost 100% of cervical cancers, a study in 2023 looking at 35 different countries found the global prevalence among males was 31% for any HPV types and 21% for high-risk HPV types. So, the numbers say it all: HPV is not just a woman’s issue. It is a concern both men and women face, but it is not commonly talked about.
Fortunately, an HPV vaccine is available and is the most effective method to prevent HPV-related infections and cancers. A newly published study even found that vaccination seems to provide effective protection against male genital diseases, showing almost 92% efficacy to prevent HPV types that are known to cause genital lesions. The benefits of the vaccine are also still effective for individuals up to 26 years of age. So, it is not too late to get vaccinated.
There are multiple ways you can get the vaccine:
-Province-wide vaccination programs. In Alberta, schools offer free vaccination for students in grade 6 and 9 to receive the HPV vaccine.
-Alberta provides free vaccines available for individuals 18-26 years of age who did not receive the vaccine as eligible students.
-We, in MAUD Medical Clinic, offer accessible and inclusive HPV Prevention by self-referral. We provide HPV vaccination and counselling in a safe, gender-neutral judgement free environment.
HPV is a serious threat to women’s and men’s health, but it’s one we can prevent. Get vaccinated.
HPV also plays a major role in several cancers that impact men, including penile, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers. Oropharyngeal cancer, which affects the back of the throat and tonsils, is now among the most common HPV-related cancers in North America, especially in men. Many of these cancers develop silently and may not show noticeable symptoms until they reach more advanced stages. This makes prevention even more important. Understanding that HPV affects all genders helps reduce stigma, encourages more inclusive education, and promotes healthier conversations about sexual health across communities.
Beyond cancer risks, HPV can also cause genital warts and recurrent infections that affect emotional well-being, sexuality, and relationships. Genital warts are not life-threatening but can cause discomfort, embarrassment, and significant stress. For men and women alike, early treatment and open communication with healthcare providers can reduce symptoms and prevent further spread. Recognizing the full impact of HPV helps us move toward a more informed and supportive approach to sexual health.
Testing for HPV varies depending on sex and anatomy. While routine cervical screening is well-established for women and individuals with a cervix, HPV testing for men is not part of standard screening guidelines in Canada. This gap can lead to underdiagnosis of HPV-related disease in men. However, medical providers can assess visible lesions, perform physical exams, and offer STI testing to identify concerns early. This further highlights why vaccination is such an essential tool for everyone, not just those eligible for Pap tests.
Education is one of the strongest tools we have. Many people still believe HPV only matters if you have a cervix, but this misconception leaves half the population underinformed. Public health experts in Canada consistently emphasize that HPV prevention requires participation from all genders to effectively reduce transmission and protect communities. Encouraging boys and young men to get vaccinated not only protects them but also reduces overall infection rates, helping to protect future partners as well.
For adults who may have missed the school-based program, it’s still beneficial to get vaccinated even if they have already been sexually active. You may not have been exposed to all HPV types, and vaccination can still provide protection. For those older than 26, healthcare providers may recommend the vaccine based on individual risk factors. At Maud Medical Clinic, clinicians offer evidence-based guidance to help patients decide whether vaccination is right for them.
Creating a safe, shame-free space to talk about HPV is essential. Whether you are seeking guidance for yourself, your partner, or your child, receiving care in an inclusive and respectful environment makes a meaningful difference. WithMaud Medical Clinic, our approach prioritizes education, empowerment, and accessible care for everyone. We ensure that patients of all genders feel supported in making informed decisions about HPV vaccination and sexual health.
Ultimately, HPV is preventable, treatable, and manageable with the right care. Raising awareness helps reduce stigma, encourages vaccination, and empowers individuals to advocate for their health. When communities understand that HPV is truly a shared issue, more people can access timely prevention and stay protected long-term. The more we normalize conversations about HPV, the stronger our collective health becomes.
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